Recognition of violent actions on streets in urban spaces using Machine Learning in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic

Currently, recognition systems based on Artificial Intelligence and Computer Vision have enabled various applications in fields such as Medicine, Industrial Engineering, and in an emerging way in the field of Public Safety as a useful and necessary tool in smart cities that favours the control, management and prevention of criminal acts. Given that violence is a very frequent social problem in Latin American countries. A pilot case has been proposed in the city of Iquitos, Peru, with a tool generated to recognise violent actions from a video or image captured from a mobile phone. This work proposes the application of a mobile tool that facilitates the recognition of high-frequency violent actions on public roads. A bank of 500 images has been generated for each class of violent action prioritised in this work, then a manual labelling tool called "LabelImg" has been used with the extraction of FPS from videos, and the convolutional neural network algorithm YOLO v3 has been used with the Darknet variant. The results of the experiment achieved an accuracy of 94% in the detection of 4 violent actions: punching, kicking, grappling and strangling.

Perception of the quality of virtual educational services during the COVID-19 pandemic at the National University of the Peruvian Amazon (UNAP)

This work consists of a second descriptive study on the implementation of the use of virtual education services at the National University of the Peruvian Amazon (UNAP), in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Iquitos, home to UNAP, is a Peruvian city located in the Amazon, with no road connection to the rest of Peru and with a series of limitations in electricity and telecommunications services, which conditions or negatively affects the quality of e-learning services at UNAP. The Peruvian government has suspended face-to-face educational activities since March 2020, motivated by the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in the main cities of Peru, so digital tools are being used as mechanisms for the continuity of educational services. For this descriptive research, the survey method was used. The surveys have been designed based on the usefulness of virtual services using the UNE 66181:2008 Standard, considering indicators such as the levels of Information, Employability, Ease of assimilation and Accessibility. Virtual teaching is carried out at UNAP through the following tools: Zoom, Google Meet, Youtube, Whatsapp, Moodle and others. The results of this second experience, unlike the first study, show that the participating students have improved their perception of the quality of university educational services through virtual media. At the same time, the low quality of connectivity and the low penetration of the use of technologies among teachers are still limiting factors. © 2021 IEEE.

Mobile application for the dissemination, learning and revitalisation of the native Muniche language in the Peruvian Amazon, in the context of Covid-19

The present work comprises the conceptualisation, design, development and validation of the software called 'Jiaminchií', created to support educational processes in times of COVID-19 and the recovery of the Muniche language. The Muniches are an endangered indigenous Peruvian nation located in the province of Alto Amazonas in the Loreto region. The research group proposes as educational tools the use of mobile software applications to continue with the educational service in indigenous communities, which is a complex problem in Peru, considering the limitations and conditions generated by the Covid-19 pandemic. The application has been conceptualised based on the basic contents for learning the Muniche language (review of the dictionary and other documentation), the community of Villa Muniche has been visited and the participation of one of the 3 speakers has been achieved through the generation of a sound bank based on the prioritised contents. The validation included a test group with children from indigenous communities. Two groups were formed, the first used the software and the second received the same contents using the traditional method. Among the most important results, it can be mentioned that the use of the 'Jiaminchií' application in the education of the indigenous communities of Alto Amazonas overcomes a series of limitations typical of schools in the indigenous communities of the Peruvian Amazon. © 2021 IEEE.

A digital educational tool for learning the Aymara language in the region of Ayacucho, Peru

This paper presents the design, development, and validation of a mobile educational tool that is contextualized in order to overcome and adapt to the limitations of current basic services, such as education, in the indigenous populations of the Peruvian Amazon in the context of the COVID 19 pandemic. The Aymara language has a significant number of speakers, but for many years the services offered by the Peruvian State were not oriented or adapted to the cultural context of the Aymara people, which became even more evident during the pandemic. Tests were carried out with the use of the tool on primary school children in the city of Ayacucho, and it was found that the ease of use of the tool, and the friendly design with the interaction of sounds and images, help and favor the rapid learning of the children.

Study of the quality of virtual university services at the National University of the Peruvian Amazon, during the COVID-19 pandemic

This paper presents a descriptive study on the first implementation of virtual education services at the National University of the Peruvian Amazon (UNAP), in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The city of Iquitos has a weak telecommunications infrastructure, although four companies with national coverage offer their Internet services (Movistar, Bitel, Claro, and Entel). The surveys conducted were based on the UNE 66181:2008 standard, considering indicators such as levels of information, employability, ease of assimilation, and accessibility. The results indicate that this first virtual education experience has not been satisfactory for a large number of participating students, due to the poor quality of the internet service, the instability of the UNAP service, and functional characteristics of the software used (Moodle, Zoom, etc.). Finally, it's important to mention that the student's perception of the UNAP virtual classes is negative.

Mobile Applications as Tools for Virtual Education in Indigenous Communities during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Peruvian Amazon

The present work includes the development and validation of two bilingual mobile applications initially created as basic learning tools in Educational Institutions in Amazonian indigenous communities of the Shipibo-Konibo and Taushiro languages, both with weakening and extinction problems. The applications seek to overcome or adapt to the conditions and limitations of indigenous communities, caused by a series of bureaucratic administrative processes, and also seek to be complementary tools or support to the Virtual Education services that the Peruvian government has been promoting in the context of the COVID-19 Pandemic, and although classes continue to develop virtually through television, radio, software messaging services and electronic platforms, these media have been receiving a series of criticisms by parents and part of the education sector regarding the quality of service. Through the realization of two case studies, favorable results were achieved on the use and potentialities of supporting the educational social inclusion of indigenous children. Finally, a comparative table was made on the frequent problems, the new problems that have arisen in the context of COVID-19, and the scope and advantages of each of the mobile applications. At the same time, it is suggested that government strategies incorporate the use of interactive mobile self-learning applications as complementary mechanisms to current educational services, which should be contextualized to the geographic, cultural and linguistic environment of students, taking into account the limited telecommunications and electricity coverage of indigenous communities in Peru. © 2020 IEEE.